People with high blood pressure have an almost 60 per cent greater chance of developing diabetes, according to a major global study conducted by The George Institute for Global Health.

In face of earlier conflicting reports, the study reliably shows a connection between pressure and diabetes. It could lead to new approaches for treating and reducing the chances of developing diabetes, which is an increasing burden on health services.

The study looked at the health records of 4.1 million adults in the UK who were initially free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease and found for every 20mmHg increase in systolic blood pressure there was a 58 per cent higher risk of developing diabetes.

Higher blood pressure was also linked to a higher risk of getting diabetes in men and women of all age groups, regardless of weight.

Our pharmacist can advise on ways of managing your blood pressure. So come and pay us a visit.

Unless more is done to tackle dementia, one in three people born in the UK today will develop the disease in their lifetime, warns a recent report from Alzheimer’s Research UK. It suggests 27 per cent of men and 37 per cent of women born in 2015 will develop the condition.

Dementia affects 850,000 people in the UK and is caused by brain diseases, most commonly Alzheimer’s, which result in the loss of brain cells and impair the brain’s ability to function properly.

Since age is the biggest risk factor for dementia – the condition is most common among those aged 65 and older – rising dementia rates have been attributed to increases in life expectancy.

Previous research by Alzheimer’s Research UK suggests the number of dementia cases could be reduced by a third if onset of the condition could be delayed by five years. But experts claim lack of funding for dementia research is one of the greatest barriers to prevention and treatment for the condition.

Not getting enough sleep could increase your risk of catching a cold, according to new research that reinforces the importance of getting a proper night’s sleep.

Research published in the journal Sleep says that people who only get six hours or less sleep each night are four times more likely to catch a cold after exposure to the virus than people that get seven or more hours sleep a night.

A short period of sleep was more important than any other factor in predicting the likelihood of catching a cold. It didn’t matter how old people were, their stress levels, their race, income or whether they smoked or not.

With the winter ‘cold and flu’ season approaching, you have been warned. Forget the late night movie and go to bed!

A group of experts has advised that people working in office environments should stand for at least 2 hours a day during working hours, and eventually progress to 4 hours of standing.

The recommendation – part of a set of guidelines commissioned by Public Health England – aims to counteract the health risks that come with long periods of seated office work.

For those working in offices, 65-75% of their working hours are spent sitting. Sedentary living – including time spent at work – is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, among other diseases.

Other recommendations for office workers during working hours are:
• Break up periods of seated work with standing work
• Avoiding prolonged static standing, which may also be harmful.

There is a growing interest in changing office environments so that they are no longer wholly sedentary. Potential measures employers can take include making provisions for breaks that involve standing and movement, and investing in office furniture that allows employees to work easily while standing up.

It may soon be a case of ‘Get off your bottom!’

More than 150 symptoms are associated with premenstrual syndrome: the number and type vary from person to person, and often from month to month. It’s difficult to diagnose PMS because in hinges on timing, with symptoms usually occurring during the same phase of the menstrual cycle, from one to 14 days before menstruation.

Unfortunately there is no lab test to help with a clear diagnosis, but the National Association for Premenstrual Syndrome suggests that a chat with your sympathetic pharmacist or GP can prove helpful.

For women who want to take a more pro-active approach, then it’s worth knowing that a healthier lifestyle, improved nutrition and regular exercise may relieve mild to moderate PMS. Complementary medicines, such as agnus castus 20-40 mg a day, red clover isoflavones 40-80 mg a day, or St John’s wort may also help. But some complementary medicines can conflict with other medicines, so make sure you get advice from your pharmacist first.

More information is available on the National Association for Premenstrual Syndrome website www.pms.org.uk.

Further proof that anti-smoking laws have delivered definite health benefits comes from a study of childbirths between 1995 and 2011 which suggests that almost 1,500 stillbirths and newborn deaths were averted in the first four years after the law to prohibit smoking in public places was introduced.

Stillbirths have dropped by almost 8 per cent in England since the smoking ban was introduced, and the number of babies dying shortly after birth has dropped by a similar amount, according to estimates.

Additionally more than 5,000 fewer babies were born with a low birth weight of under 2.5kg, the researchers estimate. Smoking and smoke-exposure during pregnancy are known to have long-term adverse effects on the health of unborn children, including increased risk of diabetes and heart disease.

If you haven’t quit yet and the time is right for you, pop in and have a chat.

The contraceptive pill offers long-term protection against endometrial cancer, according to research from Oxford University. The protective effect persists for decades, meaning that women who use the Pill in their 20s continue to benefit into their 50s.

Endometrial cancer is most common among women over the age of 45, and 3 in every 4 cases are diagnosed among women aged 55 and older. The researchers calculated that the risk of endometrial cancer reduces by around 25 per cent for every five years of birth control pill use.

The link between use of the Pill and reduced risk of cancer does not appear to be influenced by women’s reproductive history, body fat, alcohol or smoking.

In addition, despite oestrogen doses in birth control pills decreasing over the past 50 years, women who used the pill in 1980s – when oestrogen doses were less than half what they were 20 years earlier – experienced the same reduction in endometrial cancer as those who used the Pill in the 1960s.

Last year the World Health Organization branded energy drinks as a “danger to public health”. Caffeine is the most common stimulant in these drinks, but some brands contain other stimulants, such as guarana and ginseng.

The amount of caffeine in an energy drink can range from 80 mg to over 500 mg: a cup of coffee contains around 100 mg. Like other fizzy drinks, energy drinks are high in sugar. A 250 ml can of Red Bull, for example, contains around 27.5g.

Caffeine enters the bloodstream within 10 minutes of consuming the drink and peaks over the next 15-45 minutes, triggering a rise in heart rate and blood pressure. Within an hour, the effects of the caffeine will begin to subside and a sugar crash may occur. Energy levels will begin to feel low and tiredness will set in.

Individuals who consume energy drinks regularly may experience caffeine withdrawal in the 12-24 hours after consumption, which includes symptoms such as headache, irritability and constipation. Think before you drink….

There are two types of flu vaccine available for children in – a nasal spray and an injected vaccine, so who should get which?

• Children under 6 months are too young to be vaccinated (although expectant mothers aren’t!)
• Children aged 6 months to 2 years get the injected vaccine – two doses four weeks apart – although they are only eligible if they are in an ‘at risk’ group
• All children aged 2-6 on 31 August 2015 are all eligible flu vaccine and should get the nasal spray unless there are medical reasons (severely asthmatic or immunocompromised) for giving them an injected flu vaccine.
• Children aged 7-17 are eligible for vaccination if they are in an ‘at risk’ group, and will usually get the nasal spray.

At risk children are those with long term health conditions such as asthma and other respiratory diseases, liver, kidney and neurological conditions including learning disabilities, even if well managed.

Ask one of our pharmacists if you are not sure.

Five million people in England have blood sugar levels that indicate they are at high risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, according to a recent report from Public Health England.

Having high blood glucose levels significantly increases your risk of developing Type 2 diabetes, which is a serious health condition which affects 2.9 million people in England, and can lead to devastating complications such as blindness, amputations and stroke, and ultimately early death.

The new estimate further underlines the need to for people to take preventative action by losing weight, being more active and having a healthier diet. The condition already results in 22,000 early deaths and costs the NHS £8.8billion every year.

The NHS spends 10 per cent of its entire budget managing diabetes and unless we all get better at preventing Type 2 diabetes this figure will rise to unsustainable levels.